Development of spiritual skills
through mindfulness in conflicts

These questions are intended to be useful for sensitizing yourself to the opportunities conflicts offer to develop spiritual skills.

1. The Head: Cognitive Skills

a) Openended listening
­ Have I become a captive of fixed images of my counterpart, his/her motives, his/her character and his/her strategies?
­ Am I still prepared to reevaluate my image of the situation? Can I permit new information to change my image of my counterpart or of the situation?

b) Differentiated perception
­ Am I still capable of perceiving the complexity of my counterpart, in particular his/her constructive aspects?

c) Integration of perspectives
­ Am I able to withstand a too strong identification with my own standpoints, in order to remain open to new solutions that might satisfy the key needs of both sides? ­ Can I retain a distinct image of my own goals and values when I try to see the situation from the perspective of my counterpart or when I try to take account of the goals of others?

d) Roletaking
­ Can I see the world with the eyes of my counterpart, and understand what interests, needs and decisions are central for him/her, and to understand what he/she fears the most?



2. The Stomach: Emotional Skills

a) Tolerating tensions and ignorance
­ Can I tolerate not to know what my counterpart intends to do, that I have to deal with contradictory information, and that I have a lot of contradictory feelings myself?

b) Compassion
­ Can I feel compassion for the emotions my counterpart feels, even when I think that these emotions are unjustified?
­ Can I feel compassion for the pain of my counterpart, and still retain my commitment to values I find important?

c) Keeping feelings and evaluations apart
­ Is my disapproval of my counterpart caused by my commitment to certain values, or is it caused by a spontaneous feeling of dislike? ­ Am I prepared to work to transcend my negative feelings if I realize that they result more from my own way of reacting than from "right" or "wrong," ­ or do I withdraw and devalue my counterpart?



3. The Heart: Intentional skills

a) Mindfulness
­ Were there moments in the current conflict where I slipped into unreflected behavioural patterns, where I did not make conscious decisions on how to act?

b) Retaining identification with a holistic perspective
­ From where are my standpoints, interests and goals derived in the present conflict? Which are my most important motives?
­ Can I allow my counterpart to express his/her feelings and standpoints in a stressfull situation, without closing off myself, and without trying to manipulate him/her?

c) Acknowledging responsibility
­ Do I have a distinct image of the alternative courses of action that are open to me in the present situation, or do I feel like a victim of external circumstances?
­ Which circumstances do I choose to accept and adapt to, and which do I try to evade?



4. The Hands: Interactional Skills

a) Authenticity
­ Do I use tactical methods and tricks in difficult discussions?
­ Are there situations where I act out of tactical considerations, for example by saying things that don't agree with my real feelings and thoughts in order to secure a specific outcome?
­ Do I fear showing what I really think, feel and want?

b) Staying connected
­ Can I stay connected to my counterpart, both emotionally within myself and in action, or do I tend to withdraw through distanciation, evasion or ignoring?

c) Boddhisattva attitude
­ How can I, in the present situation, contribute to an atmosphere that makes it easier for my counterpart to let go of his/her defenses and orient him-/herself towards a constructive attitude?


Text: Thomas Jordan. See also 'Conflicts as yoga. Mindfulness in conflicts as a path of consciousness development'
Illustration: Katarina Kuhlmann.